Colonialism and Imperialism are the two sides of the same coin. Justify.

Colonialism is the situation whereby one powerful nation dominates and controls the other weaker nation politically, socially and economically and establishes exploitative structures. 

Imperialism/monopoly capitalism, was the highest stage of capitalism in Europe which was characterized by expansionism to other weak nations for extending power and maximizing/making super profit. 

In most cases, imperialism is what give birth to colonialism.

Colonialism and imperialism seem slightly different but they have same impact. 

Imperialism involves conquering weak state and make it a part of the strong Nation, hence becoming one big country; example Hitler's expansion to poland. While colonialism involves Strong Nation conquering a weak state separate from it,(the strong Nation) and make it a colony example the British colonization of Asian and African countries.

Therefore from the question, Imperialism and colonialism seems like head and tail on the two sides of a coin, in a sense that, despite being on different sides they make the same impact to where they extend their power.

Therefore through the following points, the statement above is justified.

1. Exploitation of both human and natural resources. When a big power dominates a weak nation, the available resouces like minerals, cash crops and human labour are overexploited for the benefit of the strong nation. For example when European countries colonized Africa they took mineral resources like gold, silver and diamond and used African manpower to their advantage.

2. Loss of political freedom. The colonized or dominated country usually surrenders its political control to the strong nation, after they have been invaded. For Example French introduced her political control over senegal while Britain in S. Africa, northern and southern Rhodesia as well as Egypt. These African countries lost political rights of being ruled by their own ruler and fell under foreign(European) political rule.

3. Loss of trade monopoly. Example, the colonized African countries, lost their trade rights. New trade known as legitimate trade, which involved importation of manufactured goods and export of cash crops, was introduced under the control of Europeans and Asian middlemen. The prominent long distance traders like Mirambo, Samouri Toure and Mkwawa lost their trade monopolies after colonial invasion.

4. Decline of culture. Imperialists, always intend to introduce their own civilization to the weak countries. For example, French introduced her assimilation policy which intended to convert Africans into French culture interms of religion, dressing styles, education and foods. This led to deterioration of African culture like polygamy and traditional education.

5. Decline of technology. After colonial invasion in Africa and Asia, they discouraged the growth of local industries and instead, they introduced manufactured goods which eliminated the locally produced goods from the market. In this way, they killed local industries and consequently, African technology came into a standstill.

6. Dehumanization. The imperialist powers always feel proud of their race, by considering themselves superior. This results into racial segragation, oppression and mistreatment to the colonized/dominated people. For example in Africa, the colonialists forced Africans to work in worse conditions and for long hours. Those who questioned colonial rule were tortured to death and also African women were brutally raped. Africans experienced all sorts of inhuman acts from colonial rulers.

Generally, Inspite of having negative impacts to the colonized, Colonialism and imperialism left some positive effects in Africa like the rise of elites who accessed colonial education, construction of infrastructures like roads and railways as well as social services like hospitals.